:root {
      --sand: #E8DFD0; --pearl: #F7F4EF; --gulf-blue: #1B4965; --deep-sea: #0D2B3E;
      --gold: #C9A227; --gold-light: #E8D69B; --rust: #b5543e;
      --text-dark: #1A1A1A; --text-soft: #4A4A4A; --bg: #F7F4EF; --card: #ffffff;
      --border: #E8DFD0; --hover: rgba(27, 73, 101, 0.08); --brand: #1B4965;
      --shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.06); --radius: 12px;
    }
    body.dark { --bg: #0a0a0a; --pearl: #121212; --sand: #1a1a1a; --text-dark: #e0e0e0; --text-soft: #aaa; --border: #2a2a2a; --card: #1a1a1a; --hover: rgba(201,162,39,0.1); --deep-sea: #0a1520; }
    * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
    html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
    body { font-family: 'Source Sans 3', system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.7; background: var(--bg); color: var(--text-dark); }
    a { color: var(--brand); text-decoration: none; }
    a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
    .page-wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 240px 1fr 240px; min-height: 100vh; }
    .sidebar { position: sticky; top: 0; height: 100vh; background: var(--deep-sea); display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 16px; padding: 20px 16px; z-index: 50; overflow-y: auto; }
    .sidebar > * { flex-shrink: 0; }
    .sidebar::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 4px; }
    .sidebar::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.2); border-radius: 2px; }
    .static-banner { padding: 0; border: none; background: none; margin-bottom: 16px; }
    .static-banner a { display: block; border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden; transition: transform 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s; }
    .static-banner a:hover { transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.3); }
    .static-banner img { width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }
    .sidebar-promo { background: linear-gradient(145deg, var(--gold), #A88620); border-radius: 10px; padding: 20px 16px; text-align: center; color: var(--deep-sea); margin-bottom: 16px; }
    .sidebar-promo-title { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 8px; }
    .sidebar-promo-text { font-size: 0.8rem; opacity: 0.85; }
    .sidebar-promo-btn { display: inline-block; margin-top: 12px; padding: 10px 18px; background: var(--deep-sea); color: #fff; font-size: 0.75rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 1px; border-radius: 6px; }
    .sidebar-promo-btn:hover { background: #fff; color: var(--deep-sea); text-decoration: none; }
    .sidebar-title { color: var(--gold); font-size: 0.7rem; letter-spacing: 2px; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 12px 0 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1); }
    .sidebar-links { list-style: none; margin-bottom: 16px; }
    .sidebar-links li { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.05); }
    .sidebar-links a { display: block; padding: 12px 0; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65); font-size: 0.9rem; transition: all 0.3s; }
    .sidebar-links a:hover { color: var(--gold); padding-left: 8px; text-decoration: none; }
    .sidebar-social { display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 10px; padding: 14px 0; }
    .sidebar-social a { width: 38px; height: 38px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); border-radius: 50%; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6); font-size: 1rem; }
    .sidebar-social a:hover { background: var(--gold); color: var(--deep-sea); text-decoration: none; }
    .main-wrapper { display: flex; flex-direction: column; min-height: 100vh; }
    header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 100; background: var(--deep-sea); display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px; padding: 14px 24px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
    .header-btn { background: none; border: none; font-size: 20px; cursor: pointer; padding: 8px; border-radius: 8px; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7); transition: all 0.3s; }
    .header-btn:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); color: #fff; }
    .hamburger { display: none; }
    .logo { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; text-decoration: none; color: #fff; }
    .logo:hover { text-decoration: none; }
    .logo .mark { font-size: 28px; }
    .logo .title { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.2rem; }
    nav { display: flex; gap: 4px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
    nav a { padding: 6px 10px; border-radius: 6px; font-size: 0.85rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7); transition: all 0.3s; }
    nav a:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); color: #fff; text-decoration: none; }
    nav a.active { background: var(--gold); color: var(--deep-sea); }
    .grow { flex: 1; }
    .search-wrap { position: relative; max-width: 280px; flex: 1; min-width: 140px; }
    .search-icon { position: absolute; left: 14px; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5); }
    .search { width: 100%; padding: 10px 12px 10px 40px; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2); border-radius: 999px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); color: #fff; font-size: 0.9rem; }
    .tools-btn { padding: 8px 16px; background: var(--gold); color: var(--deep-sea); border-radius: 8px; font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: 600; }
    .tools-btn:hover { background: #fff; text-decoration: none; }
    .hero { position: relative; height: 420px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; overflow: hidden; background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--gulf-blue), var(--deep-sea)); }
    .hero-img { position: absolute; inset: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
    .hero-content { position: relative; text-align: center; color: #fff; padding: 0 20px; z-index: 2; }
    .hero-eyebrow { font-size: 0.8rem; letter-spacing: 3px; text-transform: uppercase; margin-bottom: 10px; opacity: 0.9; }
    .hero-title { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 3.5rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 8px; text-shadow: 2px 2px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.3); }
    .hero-subtitle { font-size: 1.2rem; opacity: 0.95; max-width: 600px; margin: 0 auto; }
    .hero-flag { position: absolute; top: 20px; right: 30px; font-size: 4rem; filter: drop-shadow(0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.3)); z-index: 3; }
    .inner-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 220px 1fr 220px; gap: 30px; padding: 30px; }
    .inner-sidebar { position: sticky; top: 100px; height: fit-content; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 16px; }
    .sidebar-card { background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 20px; box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
    .sidebar-card h3 { font-size: 0.75rem; letter-spacing: 1px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: 12px; }
    .country-info-card { text-align: center; }
    .country-info-card .flag { font-size: 3rem; margin-bottom: 8px; }
    .country-info-card .name { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.3rem; color: var(--gulf-blue); margin-bottom: 4px; }
    .country-info-card .capital { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-soft); margin-bottom: 16px; }
    .country-facts { text-align: left; }
    .country-facts .fact-row { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); font-size: 0.85rem; }
    .country-facts .label { color: var(--text-soft); }
    .country-facts .value { font-weight: 600; color: var(--gulf-blue); }
    .toc-list { list-style: none; }
    .toc-list li { margin-bottom: 6px; }
    .toc-list a { display: block; padding: 8px 12px; background: var(--hover); border-radius: 6px; font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-dark); transition: all 0.3s; }
    .toc-list a:hover { background: var(--gulf-blue); color: #fff; text-decoration: none; }
    .fact-box { background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--gulf-blue), var(--deep-sea)); color: #fff; }
    .fact-box h4 { color: var(--gold); font-size: 0.8rem; margin-bottom: 8px; }
    .fact-box p { font-size: 0.85rem; opacity: 0.9; line-height: 1.5; }
    .random-btn { width: 100%; padding: 12px; background: var(--gold); color: var(--deep-sea); border: none; border-radius: 8px; font-weight: 600; cursor: pointer; transition: all 0.3s; }
    .random-btn:hover { background: var(--gulf-blue); color: #fff; }
    .weather-widget { text-align: center; }
    .weather-widget .temp { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2.5rem; color: var(--gulf-blue); }
    .weather-widget .condition { font-size: 0.9rem; color: var(--text-soft); margin-bottom: 4px; }
    .weather-widget .location { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--gold); }
    .main-content { min-width: 0; }
    .article-section { background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 36px; margin-bottom: 24px; box-shadow: var(--shadow); overflow: hidden; }
    .article-section img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; border-radius: 12px; }
    .article-section .body-text img, .article-section .photo-grid img { border-radius: 12px; }
    .section-header { text-align: center; margin-bottom: 24px; }
    .section-number { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.8rem; color: var(--sand); }
    .section-title { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.6rem; margin: 6px 0; color: var(--text-dark); }
    .section-line { width: 50px; height: 2px; background: var(--gold); margin: 10px auto 0; }
    .body-text { margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.8; font-size: 0.95rem; }
    .facts-panel { background: var(--deep-sea); color: #fff; padding: 36px; border-radius: var(--radius); margin-bottom: 24px; }
    .facts-panel h3 { text-align: center; color: var(--gold); font-size: 0.7rem; letter-spacing: 2px; text-transform: uppercase; margin-bottom: 24px; }
    .facts-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(100px, 1fr)); gap: 16px; }
    .fact-item { text-align: center; padding: 14px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.05); border-radius: 8px; }
    .fact-item .icon { font-size: 1.3rem; margin-bottom: 6px; }
    .fact-item .value { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 0.95rem; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: 4px; }
    .fact-item .label { font-size: 0.65rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 1px; opacity: 0.7; }
    .map-container { margin: 20px 0; border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
    .map-container iframe { width: 100%; height: 400px; border: 0; }
    .support-card { background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--gulf-blue), var(--deep-sea)); border: none; color: #fff; padding: 30px; border-radius: 16px; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 24px; }
    .support-card h2 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.6rem; margin-bottom: 12px; color: #fff; }
    .donate-buttons { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; justify-content: center; }
    .donate-btn { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; padding: 12px 16px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2); border-radius: 10px; font-size: 0.9rem; color: #fff; min-width: 75px; transition: all 0.3s; text-decoration: none; }
    .donate-btn:hover { background: var(--gold); color: var(--deep-sea); border-color: var(--gold); text-decoration: none; }
    .donate-btn small { font-size: 0.7rem; opacity: 0.7; margin-top: 3px; }
    .newsletter-inline { margin-top: 24px; padding-top: 24px; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2); }
    .newsletter-inline h3 { font-size: 1rem; margin-bottom: 12px; color: #fff; }
    .newsletter-inline form { display: flex; gap: 10px; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
    .newsletter-inline input { flex: 1; min-width: 200px; max-width: 300px; padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2); border-radius: 8px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); color: #fff; }
    .newsletter-inline input::placeholder { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5); }
    .newsletter-inline button { padding: 12px 24px; background: var(--gold); color: var(--deep-sea); border: none; border-radius: 8px; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 600; transition: all 0.3s; }
    .newsletter-inline button:hover { background: #fff; }
    footer { background: var(--deep-sea); padding: 20px 24px; text-align: center; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6); font-size: 0.85rem; }
    footer a { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6); margin: 0 8px; }
    footer a:hover { color: var(--gold); text-decoration: none; }
    .lightbox { display: none; position: fixed; inset: 0; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.95); z-index: 9999; justify-content: center; align-items: center; }
    .lightbox.active { display: flex; }
    .lightbox img { max-width: 90vw; max-height: 90vh; object-fit: contain; border-radius: 8px; }
    .lightbox-close { position: absolute; top: 20px; right: 30px; font-size: 36px; color: #fff; cursor: pointer; }
    .toast { position: fixed; bottom: 24px; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(100px); background: var(--deep-sea); color: #fff; padding: 14px 28px; border-radius: 10px; opacity: 0; transition: all 0.3s; z-index: 9999; }
    .toast.show { transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0); opacity: 1; }
    #hugh-float { position: fixed; bottom: 30px; right: 30px; z-index: 9998; cursor: grab; user-select: none; }
    #hugh-float img { width: 120px; height: auto; filter: drop-shadow(0 4px 20px rgba(59,130,246,0.5)); transition: filter 0.3s, transform 0.3s; }
    #hugh-float:hover img { filter: drop-shadow(0 8px 30px rgba(59,130,246,0.7)); transform: scale(1.05); }
    @media (max-width: 1400px) { .page-wrapper { grid-template-columns: 200px 1fr 200px; } .inner-layout { grid-template-columns: 180px 1fr 180px; } }
    @media (max-width: 1200px) { .page-wrapper { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .sidebar { display: none; } .inner-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .inner-sidebar { display: none; } .hamburger { display: block; } }
    @media (max-width: 768px) { .hero { height: 320px; } .hero-title { font-size: 2.2rem; } .hero-flag { font-size: 3rem; top: 10px; right: 15px; } .article-section { padding: 24px 16px; } header nav { display: none; } }
    /* Photo Break Sections */
    .photo-break {
      width: 100%;
      height: 450px;
      position: relative;
      overflow: hidden;
      margin: 24px 0;
    }
    .photo-break img {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      object-fit: cover;
    }
    .photo-break-caption {
      position: absolute;
      bottom: 0;
      left: 0;
      right: 0;
      background: linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(0,0,0,0.85));
      color: white;
      padding: 60px 30px 25px;
      text-align: center;
    }
    .photo-break-caption h3 {
      font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
      font-size: 1.6rem;
      margin: 0 0 8px;
    }
    .photo-break-caption p {
      font-size: 0.95rem;
      opacity: 0.9;
      margin: 0;
    }
    
    /* LIGHTBOX */
    .lightbox {
      display: none;
      position: fixed;
      top: 0;
      left: 0;
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.95);
      z-index: 10000;
      cursor: pointer;
      opacity: 0;
      transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
    }
    .lightbox.active {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      opacity: 1;
    }
    .lightbox img {
      max-width: 95vw;
      max-height: 95vh;
      object-fit: contain;
      border-radius: 4px;
      box-shadow: 0 0 60px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
    }
    .lightbox-close {
      position: absolute;
      top: 20px;
      right: 30px;
      color: white;
      font-size: 40px;
      font-weight: 300;
      cursor: pointer;
      opacity: 0.8;
      transition: opacity 0.2s;
      z-index: 10001;
    }
    .lightbox-close:hover {
      opacity: 1;
    }
    .lightbox-caption {
      position: absolute;
      bottom: 30px;
      left: 50%;
      transform: translateX(-50%);
      color: white;
      text-align: center;
      font-size: 1.1rem;
      text-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.8);
      max-width: 80%;
    }
    .gallery-item {
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
    }
    .gallery-item:hover {
      transform: translateY(-4px);
      box-shadow: 0 12px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.2) !important;
    }

/* Hero Navigation Arrows */
.hero-nav-arrow {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  z-index: 20;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  cursor: pointer;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.hero:hover .hero-nav-arrow {
  opacity: 0.8;
}

.hero-nav-arrow:hover {
  opacity: 1 !important;
  transform: translateY(-50%) scale(1.1);
}

.hero-nav-left {
  left: 30px;
}

.hero-nav-right {
  right: 30px;
}

.hero-nav-arrow svg {
  filter: drop-shadow(0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.3));
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .hero-nav-left {
    left: 15px;
  }
  .hero-nav-right {
    right: 15px;
  }
  .hero-nav-arrow svg {
    width: 32px;
    height: 32px;
  }
}